Which of the following is NOT one of the levels of force?

De-escalation techniques are strategies used to prevent the situation from escalating and to promote a peaceful resolution. This approach focuses on communication and conflict resolution skills rather than physical force. It is an essential part of crisis intervention but does not fit within the established levels of force framework, which categorizes responses based primarily on physical levels of engagement.

The other choices fit into the typical levels of force used in law enforcement and military contexts. Officer presence refers to the display of authority through the mere presence of an officer, acting as a deterrent. Intermediate weapons involve tools used to gain control without lethal force, such as batons or pepper spray. Aggressive response techniques represent methods employed when a situation escalates beyond the control of lesser force options, involving physical confrontation or use of lethal force.